Information Seeking Behavior Of Nursing Students Clinical Nurses Nursing Essay

Objectives: this article focus on behavior of clinical nurses and nursing students when they seeking information and use information resources to get medical information and how that effect there information behavior and health sciences librarians

Methods: we used questionnaire e, interview and observation o f twenty clinical nurses and twenty-three nursing students.

Results: we found 14 -70 % of clinical nurses and 17-74% of nursing students browsing internet and 17 – 85 % of clinical nurses are daily ,and 20-78% nursing students are daily but 80% of clinical nurses do not use Database and 78% nursing students do not use Database, in other side more than 50% of both groups said “library satisfy our need” and 76% of clinical nurses prefer to use printed and digital resources in parallel and 81% of nursing students prefer to use printed and digital resources in parallel . Many of clinical nurses and nursing students like to communicate doctors and professors because they trust them. but in fact browsing internet is the most one used between them.

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Conclusions and Recommendations: 14 -70 % of clinical nurses and 20-87% nursing students are browsing internet but 80% of clinical nurses do not use Database because 45% of them do not have skills to deal with Database. for that 95% of them supported to undergo training courses to Acquire the skills for dealing with Database. an other reason that Prevents them from using is 40% of them do not have access to Medical Database. 56% of them do not have information professional help them Help them get their needs Informatics and they want them to be in their working place. Nursing students do not use Database because 43% of them do not have skills to deal with Database. for that 96% of them supported to undergo training courses to Acquire the skills for dealing with Database. an other reason that Prevents them from using is 35% of them do not have access to Medical Database.

INTRODUCTION

clinical nurses and nursing students are need for medical, health, specialized and accurate information to solve uncertainty or uneducated situation of their knowledge to be able to provide services for institution. clinical nurses trust their doctors and head nurse which make 8 – 40% of clinical nurses like to communicate with them, Nursing students trust their professors which make 9 – 43% of nursing students like to communicate with them. 10 – 50% of clinical nurses are communicated daily and 12 – 60% of their information need are satisfied through communication.

11 – 48% of nursing students are communicated daily and 14 – 61% of their information need are satisfied through communication. But Cheryl Dee, PhD found in his study on University of South Florida that human resources is the most one clinical nurses and nursing students use it not like our study.

Due to the fact that some nursing students see their Scholastic Books Somewhat old and their field always need for new and updated information, 17 -74 % of them browsing internet and 20 – 87% are daily, 4 – 17 % of them like to bay new electronic and printed Magazines that include medical articles rated by 8 – 35 % monthly, 4- 20% of them attend Medical conferences and seminars rated by 10 – 43 % monthly.

In the other hand 14 -70 % of clinical nurses browsing internet and 17 – 85% are daily, 4 – 20 % of them like to bay new electronic and printed Magazines that include medical articles rated by 7 – 35 % monthly, 4- 20% of them attend Medical conferences and seminars rated by 8 – 40 % monthly.

Scientific researchers Noticed the increasing of use electronic resources, especially the Internet and electronic Database . But within that situation 80 % of clinical nurses and78% nursing students do not able to use Database because 40 % of clinical nurses and 35% of nursing students do not have access , 45 % of clinical nurses and 43% of nursing students have lack skills, 10 % of clinical nurses and 9% of nursing students said some D.B. have bad design and other reasons that appear in chart below.

Table 1

Barriers of using databases

Clinical nurses (n=20) Nursing students(n=23)

96% of nursing students are supported to undergo training courses to Acquire the skills for dealing with Database. With that training courses they Acquired the skills necessary to deal with D.B. in order to satisfy their information need and provide services.

44 % of clinical nurses and 40% of nursing students do not have specialized information professional to help them in satisfying their information needs. And they want information professional to be there to helping , studying and improving their information behavior.

Related studies:

1-There articles Reviews of how doctors and nurses is search for on the internet are relatively rare, especially where research examines how decide whether to use Internet-based resources. Original research in the online searching behavior is also rare, particularly in real world clinical settings. as is original research into their online searching behavior. This review collates some of the existing evidence, from 1995 to 2009.

There are appear to be no statistically significant differences between the reasons why doctor and nurse seek the internet .Reasons to search for information on the Internet on a large scale is the same: patient care in the first place and CPD (continuing professional development).

2- Also, There are studies observe nurse of the patterns of their on-duty information behavior.

The result is Nurse’s Patient-Chart Cycle which describe the activities during their shifts on regular rotation between the interaction with patient and planning with patient .

The behavior of nurses has changed significantly between the interactions with the planning and interaction with the patient. And focused attention on specific information of the patient. They had almost no time or opportunity to consult published sources of information while on duty.

Libraries often provide nurses with information services that are based on academic models of information behavior . Is designed more clinical information systems for recording medical and legal aspects of conservation of nursing care. Understand the reality of nurses information about behavior and the on-duty may guide designers of system and libraries in the provision of more appropriate system and services.

METHODS

This study resulting from cooperation of a group from imam university information professionals under graduate and National Guard Hospital and Specialist Hospital and Habib health center and student in Nursing Administration, Oncology Nursing, Psychiatric & Mental Care Nursing and First Aids.

In all that centers and hospitals that we allayed our study on time is most major they care with, then Electronic tools and internet connection, then skills and authorization for access is importance and it was Available to them at different levels and qualities and limitations.

Fact funding techniques that we use are:

First: Questionnaire was for the clinical nurses and nursing students. we ask them about usage and likeability of each available resource, using Database and skills needed for that and their barriers.

Second: interview with clinical nurses and nursing students to explain some cases in Questionnaire.

Third: Observe clinical nurses and nursing students information behavior to help, study, improve their information behavior.

RESULTS

Use of specific information resources

Browsing internet is the most resource used by clinical nurses and nursing students are among 8 other resources because they always want updated information. But Cheryl Dee, PhD found in his study on University of South Florida that internet is not the most used one because they believe in not every think in internet is true except format blogs.

Then human resources is the second because clinical nurses and nursing students trust their doctors, professors and head nurse but usually there is no time to discussion. So that information resources is the second not the first. But in Cheryl Dee, PhD study on University of South Florida human resources is the most used one because their doctors and head nurses like to discuss and discover new fields together.

Books is the third not because all clinical nurses and nursing students are like it , because some of their official Prerequisite them to read it. Where in Cheryl Dee, PhD study on University of South Florida clinical nurses and nursing students there are like to read it and extend there knowledge and they are believe in books have basics that clinical nurses and nursing students should have.

Journals and conferences is fourth because some of them do not have time, others can not go and some of them do not like to bay health journals. But in Cheryl Dee, PhD study on University of South Florida clinical nurses and nursing students work on fined time to attend health conferences and they like Scientific debates and perspectives

Database and personal resources is the last one because of lack skills, knowledge and accessibly. Bu in t Cheryl Dee, PhD study on University of South Florida clinical nurses and nursing students really care with Obtaining skills and raise their personal scientific ammunition.

The flowing chart show rate of using each resources.

Table 2

Rate of using different resources

Clinical nurses (n=20) Nursing students(n=23)

Electronic resource

clinical nurses and nursing students have IT tools, internet connection, but major two cases control their usage of resources in time and skills. The flowing chart show rate of frequency using time of resources.

Table 3

Clinical nurses’ and nursing students’ frequency of use of health information sources

Related studies

1-There articles Reviews of how doctors and nurses is search for on the internet are relatively rare, especially where research examines how decide whether to use Internet-based resources. Original research in the online searching behavior is also rare, particularly in real world clinical settings. as is original research into their online searching behavior. This review collates some of the existing evidence, from 1995 to 2009.

There are appear to be no statistically significant differences between the reasons why doctor and nurse seek the internet .Reasons to search for information on the Internet on a large scale is the same: patient care in the first place and CPD (continuing professional development).

2- Also, There are studies observe nurse of the patterns of their on-duty information behavior.

The result is Nurse’s Patient-Chart Cycle which describe the activities during their shifts on regular rotation between the interaction with patient and planning with patient .

The behaviour of nurses has changed significantly between the interactions with the planning and interaction with the patient. And focused attention on specific information of the patient. They had almost no time or opportunity to consult published sources of information while on duty.

Libraries often provide nurses with information services that are based on academic models of information behaviour . Is designed more clinical information systems for recording medical and legal aspects of conservation of nursing care. Understand the reality of nurses information about behaviour and the on-duty may guide designers of system and libraries in the provision of more appropriate system and services.

DISCUSSION

Human resources:

This study result that clinical nurses and nursing students use human recourses.

In questionnaire , It was 60% of both groups use human resources . While 30% of nursing students use human resources at least once a week, but 35% of clinical nurses did the same.

In interview, they explained why they used them?. They said consulting them ,because it is the fast way to get reliable and accurate information.

But Cheryl Dee, PhD found in his study on University of South Florida that the human resources is the most resource use of both group ,because their doctors and head nurses like to discuss and discover new fields together. Also ,they believe that human resource is way to get reliable and accurate information is not like our study.

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Print resources:

Also , this study result that clinical nurses and nursing students use print resources . In questionnaire , It was 70% of both groups based on print resources. We found 15% of clinical nurses using books daily. Only 13% of nursing students did the same. Also we found 20% of clinical nurses read the scientific journal daily. only 17% of nursing students did the same . In interview, they explained why they used print resources like human recourse. They said that because the print resource easy and convenient to access and most reliable.

But Cheryl Dee, PhD found in his study on University of South Florida that the print resources is most and preferred recourse used because its provided easy and convenient access to information. Also they notice they preferred this resources because they available more than other recourses.

Table 4

Barriers of using databases:

Clinical nurses (n=20) Nursing students(n=23)

Electronic resources:

Electronic resources gives nurses update and quality information. In questionnaire, It was 70 % of clinical nurses and nursing students using electronic resources. We found 85% of clinical nurses browsing internet daily ,but 87% of nursing students did the same. Also we found 15% of clinical nurses use Database ,but 17% of nursing students did the same .In interview, they explained why they don’t use database .First of all ,because some of them didn’t have skills for dealing with Database. An other reason that prevents them from using it that they do not have access to medical database. The less skill nursing tend to familiar Internet resources such as search engines, rather than health information databases that is harder for them.

But Cheryl Dee, PhD found in his study on University of South Florida that the use of electronic resource is less resource used because a lot of reasons. First of all, lack of computer , lack of connection to the internet, or may be they have both but do not believe that every thing in internet is true .Also, the use of databases is fairly low because lack of skilled , training, no time, or do not have subscriptions to access.

Computer access:

We found that more than 14-70% of the Clinical nurses and 17-74% of Nursing students prefer to use electronic resources to obtain the information they need in the medical field, and providing ease of connection to the Internet.

In contrast, 10% do not use electronic sources and databases in particular, due to lack of training in the use of databases and the lack of the necessary skills to interact with reduced access to databases or scarcity in use.

We have also noted that many of the nurses and nursing students clinical use of electronic sources to retrieve and research in the medical information they need.

Computer and database skills: perception versus reality

We found that 70% of clinical nurses are using internet and 10% of them use databases, of whom 20% use e-books and magazines

 And also that 47% of nursing students are using internet and 13% of them use databases, of whom 22% use e-books and magazines

As we have found from the results of the questionnaire that the use of the Internet on a daily basis, as well as the use of search engines such as Google because it’s easy to find what you’re looking for and put it is the word semantic search and extraction of topics, also found that during the interview stated that the use of the Internet is easy for them to get the information they need and save them time ..

But we find that the databases used them for a few and that because of obstacles is a lack of skills and training to the implementation of the use of databases and deal with it properly addresses the need to get the information they have. And also through the corresponding one nurses said that has not been trained on how to use databases in the search for easily extracted to the information they need,

And also 30% of the nursing students do not have enough time to search databases in fact there is disparity in the use of nursing students to the database and it depends on the previous experience of the individual if found to have previous experience in how to use the database makes it easy to use for the individual.

Training needed

We have stated that the participants initially reluctant to move away from simple techniques in the search on the Internet to use the features developed .. after the order initial participants worked in narrowing the search through the exercises and focused on topics of their own using limits such as language rights and magazines subsidiary, while adding addresses the Sub- . However, when participants had the research on the topics of personal noticed trainees that about 33% do not work to narrow and limit their search.

has revealed the corresponding reasons for reluctance of the initial search and narrow,. The first was the strong influence of search engines on the Internet, because of inflation, the number of information The participants wish to retrieve no two groups have acknowledged in the interview that the practice of searching the database is a way to narrow the scope of the search and in addition has proved many of the stakeholders exercise training to use the database.

indicated the interview that it also has a variety of reasons among nursing students and (clinical nurses) to (clinical nurses) benefit from training in order to be able to gain access to the database .. In terms of nursing students was searching the fields to get the information is not clear to them, and they do not have access to the databases after the completion of the study nursing and stated that after training on the use used in useful and beneficial. Both of these groups are keen to access the databases and access to information of high quality with increasing articles.

Time factor

Through the questionnaires, we found that most clinical nurses and nursing students use the internet as a major source of information on a daily basis and through interviews we found that it is because of using their advanced devices that provide Internet browsing, such as Tablet PCs (iPad) , iPhone, blackberry, etc… which are easy to carry and Move in each place so it save a lot of time when using it. This reinforced the earlier findings of Cheryl Dee(2005)Nurses are often busy and do not have enough time to search for information from several sources.

Need for information

Through interviews we found that the most of clinical nurses are usually found their information need is simple, brief answers to questions patients, and with regard to care for health and in these cases they are need only to surf the Internet medical sites to coverage a need of this type and they are in a few cases tends to use of specialized medical databases such as pubmed. This reinforced the earlier findings of Cheryl Dee (2005)nurses Information needs are few and limited to answering the questions of the patients, and health care for them.

Nursing students information needs are limited to the field of their study such as the completion of the research or the specific assignment given to them “Nursing students reported that they used medical research articles from quality databases for school assignments, but that they needed more concise, factual information resources that were immediately available to them for clinical patient care questions”( Cheryl Dee,2005) .They are using Internet medical sites and books to coverage a need of that type.

Library use

Through questionnaires and interviews, we found that most clinical nurses rarely use libraries to meet their health information needs. This reinforced the earlier findings of “clinical nurses with no access to healthrelated libraries at work did not seek out other health sciences libraries for research”( Cheryl Dee,2005) .

Nursing students tends to use of health libraries frequently as necessary to complete the medical research they are required to complete it in the field of their studies. In contrast ” nursing students made minimal use of the health sciences library”( Cheryl Dee,2005)

CONCLUSIONS

In conclusion, we found the results from this study that small-scale human and print resources (print resources) are still preferable to electronic sources of health information for patient care. Has made it clear both nursing students and nurses during my meeting with them the reason for the preference is for ease of use, and that input on the spot to gain access to sources of documented health information, and nursing students arrive to the many sources of health information of high quality, but they tend to use two documents to easily access and awareness of the sources and content. and also nurses have had limited opportunities to obtain health information and rely on their own experiences and to colleagues and story books in the patients they have. This continued popularity of books being sources for patient care to all participants, because the books provide immediate access to summary information. However quickly become outdated The e-books are to meet this need. Both of nursing students and nurses needed to improve their information management skills, particularly their database to search for skills. In this study, advanced search skills, was derived mainly from the Internet and as a result, they need more training in the use of unique data base such as research, the determinants and subject headings.

RECOMMENDATIONS

They recommend the training of health sciences librarians to provide information about libraries and library services to meet the

Many medical and educational needs of nursing students and nurses. Can be submitted through their lessons documented in libraries during the most recent sources of information, especially health care

(NLM’s Pub Med, Medline Plus, TOXNET, and NCI’s cancer.gov database)

As well as lessons in basic skills to use the computer for the preparation of nurses have the ability to search the database. Consequently, the means of health care to make these resources available appropriately to stories of patients and supervisors must Nursing to encourage nurses to take the advice to go and look at the sources of health care of patients both from the Academy for health sciences librarians and hospitals provide, with time, these libraries in aid of nurses, as well as making a database of Health Sciences New or provide a database for the renewal of information and answer questions in the search features in the database, that belongs to them benefit would therefore be training on the increased visibility of the library and evidence on the ability of Library to meet the needs of the nurses health information. Also recommend the provision of reference books on the floors of patients to nursing supervisors personally, because the supervisors have little time left patients floors then your order in time and little to offer them information in the pamphlets. Our interviews revealed in this study, nurses look on the supervisors were not encouraging them to search themselves and their superiors did not participate in the search by using the available literature. Getting information to patients and floors can talk with supervisors be the first step in raising the awareness of supervisors and interest in the library. It seemed to the participants in this study are eager for more access to information of patient care, more training database, and improve computer skills. Health Sciences Libraries opportunity to help meet the information needs of nurses and to help improve their knowledge.