Annotated Bibliography for Scope of Nursing Practice

• Gretha Cabral

Introduction

The increment in the number of practitioners in the field of nursing practices has been observed. Increasing interest in the field of advanced practice nurses has also been found in nursing profession. The advanced practice nurse is playing a fundamental role in assisting to lessen the deficiency of human resources in the field of health care in both of the developing as well as developed countries. However, there are still a number of barriers which are hindering further developments in the field. In order to ensure the reliability of advanced practice nurse, the ICN founded an INP-APNN i.e. International Nurse practitioner-advanced practice Nursing Network for promoting the networking and also fro providing support to nurse practitioners all across the globe. Thus, it has been found that a nurse practitioner is considered as such registered nurse who encompasses complicated decision making skills, clinical competencies for expanded practice and expert knowledge base. As the deficiency in the number of nurses is escalating; thus, the nursing profession is going through certain serious crisis. Thus, it has been found that instead of increasing interest in the field of nursing practices, some barriers and issues are still hindering the development of nursing profession.

Search Strategies

In order to conduct effective and efficient research, there is a great significance of integrating smart searching skills and efficient searching techniques. There are a number of strategies or techniques which are being used today for searching different content available on internet. Every researcher goes through a frustrated experience related to the web search. Web searching gives a number of results which make the selection of better and relevant source difficult. With the help of selecting the suitable search engine, using a few helpful techniques and controlling the expressions which are being searched can make internet searching efficient and faster. In order to carry out searching for this research, several efficient searching techniques were used for conducting effective and efficient research. Reliable and authentic data sources have been used for gathering the data for the research. Boolean searching technique has been used as inclusion/exclusion criteria. The Boolean term AND has been used for searching all journal articles related to nursing practices which are available over the internet. Selection of suitable keywords related to the nursing practice was used from carrying out effective and efficient search. Different keywords and phrases were used for searching the authentic and reliable journal articles related to the nursing practices. In order to make the research effective and efficient on the topic of nursing practices, different research papers and articles which have been published in journals have been used. The selection of the journal based research papers and articles has been helpful in conducting effective and efficient research.

Annotated Bibliography

• Pulcini, J., Jelic, M., Gul, R. & Loke, Y. A. (2010) An International Survey on Advanced Practice Nursing Education, Practice, and Regulation, Journal of Nursing Scholarship, 42:1, 31–39.

This article has been selected as it is related to the nursing practices. This article is based on the international survey. This international survey was made on advanced practice nursing regulation, education and practice. Thus, the basic purpose of this article is to portray international trends which are being used by nursing practitioners in the field of advanced practice nurse including levels, nomenclature and kinds of NP-APN practice settings, education, regulatory policies, political environment and scope of practice. This article has been helpful as it helped in presenting a snapshot of regulations, education and practice for NP-APNs because they have a unique role in the provision of health care services in several different countries. The information within this study is reliable and trustworthy as it has used appropriate research method for creating entire research. The basic strength of this study is that it has used pilot survey. Pilot survey appears to be appropriate for conducting this study. In addition to this, the article used convenience sampling method for sampling the data.

• Lindblad, E., Hallman, B. E., Gillsjö, C., Lindblad, U. & Fagerström, L. (2010) Experiences of the new role of advanced practice nurses in Swedish primary health care—A qualitative study, International Journal of Nursing Practice 2010,16, 69–74

This research paper has been useful for the research as it has described the experiences related to the new and contemporary role of advanced practice nurses. This research has used the approach of qualitative study and Sweden has been chosen as the region for conducting the research. This study or source is helpful as the basic purpose of this study is to describe and investigate the experiences of new profession for health care of Sweden, first advanced practice nurses as well as of their managing general practitioners, related to the scope and role of APN’s practice in major health care. The information of this research paper is valid and reliable as interviews were conducted for carrying out this research. Interviews with APNs helped in providing helpful and reliable information related to this new profession. The basic strength of this research paper is the use of discussion section. This section helped in discussing all of the concluding remarks and findings which have been gained from the research. Absence of future implications is the basic weakness of this research paper.

• Lubbe, C. J. & Roets, L. (2014) Nurses’ Scope of Practice and the Implication for Quality Nursing Care, Journal of Nursing Scholarship, 2014, 46:1, 58–64

This research has been helpful for gathering more efficient knowledge related to the topic of nursing practices as it has discussed scope of nursing practices as well as in describing the implications for high-quality nursing care. In doing so, the research paper has provided an overview related to the implications for the health status and care needs of patients. This source has helped in providing authentic and reliable information related to the topic as it has used the scenario of The Waterlow TM scale as a practice example. In addition to this, the use of retrospective quantitative study presents the basic strength of the study. This study helped in optimizing and ensuring high quality and safe patient care. Thus, this source has been helpful for gathering and collecting required information related to the topic.

• Benedict, B. M. & Bradley, D. (2010) A Peek at the Revised Nursing Professional Development: Scope and Standards of Practice, The Journal of Continuing Education in Nursing, Vol. 41, No. 5, 195-197

This article has been helpful in collecting and gathering useful information related to the topic of nursing practices as the main focus of this article is to describe the standards and scope of nursing practices. The basic audience of this article is the professional nurse. This article provides useful information by illustrating that nurses who have responsibilities and roles in CNE programs usually give inter-professional learning for non-health related as well as health related disciplines. This article has made use of several headings in order to provide more detailed information related to the standards and scope of practices. There are certain weaknesses of this article as it has not incorporated any type of examples and statistics for supporting the topic.

• Fox-Young, S. & Ashley, C. (2010) Developing an Australian framework for scope of practice decisions by nurses and midwives – lessons for cross-border standards development, Journal of Clinical Nursing, 19, 2235–2241

This article has been helpful in collecting and gathering useful information related to the topic of nursing practices as the basic objective and aim of the article is to focusing on the lessons for cross border standard development. This article has helped in gathering information through the identification of political and professional factors which influence outcomes and consultation in cross border standard development. The basic strength of this article is that it has explored important considerations for future projects for producing international and national professional standards which are pertinent across professions and borders. Absence of future implications is the major weakness of this article.

• Fairman, A. J., Rowe, W. J., Hassmiller, S. & Shalala, E. D. (2011) Broadening the Scope of Nursing Practice, The New England Journal of Medicine, 364:3, 193-197

This article has been helpful in collecting and gathering useful information related to the topic of nursing practices as is has focused on the scope which has been offered by nursing practices. The basic audience to whom this article has been targeted is the professional nurse. This article has defined the scope of nursing practices by focusing on the Affordable Care Act. This article has helped in focusing on the fact that there should be slow growth in the costs of health care services. It has further focused on improvement in health care value with the help of payment reforms. The basic strength of this article is that it has incorporated all of required and valid information related to the topic. However, the lack and absence of statistics related to the scope of nursing practices is the major weakness of the article.

• Merrick, E., Duffield, C., Baldwin, R., Fry, M. & Stasa, H. (2012) Expanding the role of practice nurses in Australia, Contemporary Nurse (2012) 41(1), 133–140

This article has been helpful in collecting and gathering useful information related to the topic of nursing practices as is has focused on the present status of practice nurses within the region of Australia. The article provides useful and helpful information by stating that in Australia and all across the world, it has been accepted that changes in the health care services are essential. These changes are essential because of the dramatically increasing costs of health care, increasing occurrence of complex and chronic condition, personnel shortages in health care and rising demands for health care services. The article integrated useful and authentic information by focusing on these issues which are being faced by today’s health care sector. The absence of future predictions and future implications is the basic weakness of this article.

• Nieminen, L. A., Mannevaara, B. & Fagerstrom, L. (2011) Advanced practice nurses’ scope of practice: a qualitative study of advanced clinical competencies, Scandinavian Journal of Caring Sciences, 25, 661–670

This article has been helpful in collecting and gathering useful information related to the topic of nursing practices as is has focused mainly on the scope of advanced practice nurses. The basic purpose of this article was to explore and describe clinical competencies of Advanced Practice Nurses which helped in providing sufficient and adequate knowledge and information related to the topic of nursing practices. This article provided useful and authentic information as it has collected the required data with the help of conducting interviews. Inclusion of ethical considerations is also one of its basic strength. However, the absence of future implications is the major weakness of this research paper.

• Villegas, J. W. & Allen, E. P. (2012) Barriers to Advanced Practice Registered Nurse Scope of Practice: Issue Analysis, The Journal of Continuing Education in Nursing, Vol. 43, No. 9, 403-409

This article has been helpful in collecting and gathering useful information related to the topic of nursing practices as is has mainly and chiefly focused on the barriers which come up for advanced practice registered nurses. This article has given useful and reliable information by reflecting on the fact that the APRNs i.e. Advanced Practice Registered Nurses encompass unique and incredible potential to influence the altering demands of health care in U.S. The article further revealed the scope and importance of APRN by describing that it is cost effective, high quality and safe approach of the provision of health care. Inclusion of future expectations or future scope could have strengthened the information of this article.

• Jacob, R. E., Barnett, A., Sellick, K. & McKenna, L. (2013) Scope of practice for Australian enrolled nurses: Evolution and practice issues, Contemporary Nurse (2013) 45(2), 155–163

This article has been helpful in collecting and gathering useful information related to the topic of nursing practices as it has focused on the scope of nursing practices in Australia. Practice issues and evolution in the field of nursing practices have been discussed in the article which has ensured that the information within the article is reliable and helpful. The article has given useful and helpful information by highlighting on considerable changes in the scope of nursing practices for nurses who have been enrolled in Australia during the period of last decade. The absence of future implications, statistics and critical discussion related to the topic within the article is the major weakness of this article.

Conclusion

The topic of nursing practices has helped in finding the fact that nursing practices are providing several benefits to the sector of health care. The research on the topic of nursing practices has helped in identifying that use of nursing practices can make the health care services cost effective, high quality and safe. The research further helped in exploring the issues and barriers which are coming up in the field of Advanced Practice Nurses.